随着中东地区油气开发深度不断增加,油藏越来越复杂,油气开发工作面临着更多的挑战。同时,油气井的全生命周期开发急需新的技术突破。
如何保持油层和隔层的完整性,对操作人员和钻井承包商来说是一件非常令人头疼的事情。冲洗液腐蚀井眼或固井不到位都可能破坏隔层的完整性,进而影响油气井的正常生产。如今,像高压高温井和页岩油井这样的高风险井,问题出现频率高达90%。石油圈原创www.oilsns.com
为解决以上问题,同时兼顾石油开发的经济性,Meta公司开发了一系列低成本、高性能的封隔器:MorphPackers系列封隔器。
MorphPacker永久式封隔器
传统封隔器需组装超过20个零部件,密封原理十分复杂,需多级内部密封、内螺纹、多级运动部件、复杂元件和剪切螺丝等多方面紧密配合,才能实现完美工作。
MorphPacker永久式封隔器是一款套管井生产封隔器,也可用作衬管顶部封隔,固定于未胶结井眼内,同时也可用于地热井完井和高压高温完井。
MorphPacker永久式封隔器完全打破了常规封隔器的设计理念。凭借Meta公司的金属形态技术专利,V0级封隔器仅需7个组件,且不包含可运动的零件和内部密封。该封隔器能够在井下变形,贴合井身。全通径设计使得MorphPacker永久式封隔器成为一款可靠、高端切性价比极高的产品。
MorphPacker永久式封隔器不仅成本更低,而且可靠性更高。与其他封隔器相比,MorphPacker永久式封隔器的安装更加方便快捷,节省了钻井的时间和成本。另外,它在操作上可实现多个产品的功能,减少了钻井初期设备的数量,简化了供应链。石油圈原创www.oilsns.com
MorphPacker层位分离封隔器
MorphPacker层位分离封隔器主要为裸眼井隔离提供解决方案,能够在裸眼井的全生命周期内起到层位分离作用。该封隔器抗压能力强,强度超过混凝土。与膨胀式封隔器相比,MorphPacker的耐用性和可靠性更强,可更有效地实现井眼封堵。
多功能封隔器变形率超过60%,可在地面进行变形与设置。与膨胀式封隔器相比,MorphPacker层位分离封隔器与井眼贴合更为紧密,既节省了时间(膨胀式封隔器安装需21天),又节约了资源。该封隔器固定于生产套管之上,不受产出液的侵蚀。即使是在恶劣的产气与注气环境中,封隔器的接触应力仍能保持不变。
MorphPacker压裂封隔器
MorphPacker压裂封隔器能够在维持最大内径的前提下,经济高效地对射孔进行隔离,为操作人员提供一种快速可靠的增产方法。Meta公司摒弃了可靠性差的降解球以及价格高昂的衬管,在新开发的封隔器中应用了标准衬管,并保证衬管内径。这种配置方式不仅经济可靠,而且适用性强。
技术应用
No.1作为未胶结衬管悬挂器
许多操作人员在使用未胶结衬管或者进行完井的时候仍然靠传统的衬管悬挂器,然后使用生产封隔器进行完井。这不仅增加了设备成本,而且延长了钻井时间。然而,这些问题在Meta公司的MorphPacker永久式封隔器面前迎刃而解。MorphPacker永久式封隔器的安全性能范围超过了市面上其他的同类产品。它的强度和悬挂重量适用于任何衬管,不仅简化了操作流程,而且降低了成本。石油圈原创www.oilsns.com
No.2套管井生产封隔器
高性能的V0型生产封隔器是油气行业必不可少的一种工具。MorphPacker永久式封隔器可以应用在种类的工作管柱封隔器坐封之上,其安全性能范围超过了市面上其他的同类产品。由于该产品可适用于多种套管重量,减轻了库存压力。石油圈原创www.oilsns.com
No.3用于环空隔离
Meta公司的MorphPacker层位分离封隔器可用于裸眼井和衬管之间进行环空隔离,起到固井的作用。因为即使固井工作不到位的话,仅靠MorphPacker层位分离封隔器也能起到完全隔离的目的。
No.4二次压裂
MorphPacker压裂封隔器可用于套管井二次压裂,并保证内径损失量最小。操作人员可使用MorphPacker压裂封隔器对射孔进行隔离,并进行二次压裂。该产品价格实惠,保持井眼内经效果良好,可与标准调停设备同时使用。
技术性能
- 变形率—高达60%;
- 油井密封寿命—50年以上;
- 瞬时主动密封—15000psi。石油圈原创www.oilsns.com
封隔器作为重要工具,本身价值不高,但在作业过程中的应用性却有这不可多得的妙处。目前国内的封隔器技术研究存在着诸多问题,包括封隔器适用范围不够广泛、产品过于繁杂以及设计工作不够精细化等。MorphPackers系列封隔器足以成为国内相关研究和应用的一个技术样例,取精华去糟粕,在不断摸索的路上,终取得技术突破。
来自/Meta 译者/于晓琳 编辑/Leia
Middle Eastern Operators are faced with new challenges in extracting ‘new’ oil and gas from much deeper complexed reservoirs thus requiring a different approach demanding new techniques to address today’s life of well integrity requirements. Meta has directly addressed these local challenges keeping in mind today’s economic restrictions by developing a range of low cost and high performance packers.
The Permanent MorphPacker is a cased hole production packer. It can also be used as a liner top packer with anchoring in uncemented applications, and is suitable for geothermal and HPHT completions. It breaks the rules of conventional packer design. By using Meta’s patented Metalmorphology technology, a V0 packer with only 7 components, no moving parts, and no internal seals has been created. It allows for a fullbore design that matches liner ID, a major advantage to operators.
Not only does the product cost less but it more reliable, faster and easier to install than competitor packers saving operators money in terms of rig time, requires less equipment in the first place as operationally it can carry out the role of multiple products, so also simplifies supply chain.
The Zonal Isolation MorphPacker provides life of well isolation in the open hole, exceeding the capabilities of cement. With a morphing ratio of over 60% and its differential pressure capabilities, this durable and reliable packer sets instantly, compared to swellables, conforming perfectly to the wellbore.
Multiple packers can be morphed and set from surface, saving valuable time and resources. The packers are attached to base casing and are resistant to any degradation from produced fluids. Contact force is also maintained in the most challenging of gas production and injection environments.
The Frac MorphPacker offers a cost effective way to instantly isolate old perforations, while maintaining the maximum ID, giving operators a quick and reliable way to re-stimulate their wells. Instead of using degradable balls which can be unreliable, or using expensive liners, Meta has created a packer that uses standard liners and still maintains standard liner IDs. This reliable and affordable solution is flexible as it’s configurable for both plug and guns and ball drop sleeve systems.
MorphPackers
There are few issues that keep operators and drilling contractors awake at night as much as a well’s zonal and barrier integrity. Washouts that erode the borehole or poor cementing jobs that threaten barrier integrity can have huge implications for well production. Today, the frequency of problem zones in high risk wells, such as HP/HT wells and shale formations, can be as high as 90%。
Meta offers a range of MorphPackers to meet a range of downhole isolation challenges; Zonal Isolation MorphPacker, Permanent MorphPacker and the Frac MorphPacker.
The Zonal Isolation MorphPacker is providing the answers and extending the boundaries for open hole isolation. With a morphing ratio of over 60% and its differential pressure capabilities, this durable and reliable packer sets instantly, compared to swellables which take up to 21 days, conforming perfectly to the open hole. Lasting for the lifetime of the well and exceeding the capabilities of cement it gives operators that much needed peace of mind. Its the Metalmorphology that provides the catalyst for a new way of working. Multiple packers can be morphed and set from surface, saving valuable time and resources. The packers are attached to base casing and are resistant to any degradation from produced fluids. Contact force is also maintained in the most challenging of gas production and injection environments.
The Permanent MorphPacker is a complete rethink of how packers are typically designed. A conventional packer has over 20 components, multiple internal seals, internal threads, multiple moving parts, complex multi-component elements and shear screws, all of which have to work together perfectly to achieve a seal. Meta has developed a production packer with just 7 components, zero moving parts, zero internal seals, zero internal packer threads, zero shear screws and a simple external element with a zero extrusion gap design. Shaping metal downhole, using Metalmorphology, also allows for a fullbore design that matches the liner. The simplistic design means its a reliable and high end product, yet affordable.
The Frac MorphPacker provides a cost effective way to instantly isolate old perforations while maintaining the maximum ID, giving operators a quick and reliable way to re-stimulate their wells. Easy to run, quick to set and maintaining the largest ID possible, the Frac MorphPacker is changing the way operators approach re-stimulation. Instead of using degradable balls and hoping they will last, or running expensive expandable liners, operators running the Frac MorphPacker can permanently isolate existing zones using standard liners and still maintain standard liner IDs. Configurable for both plug and guns and ball drop sleeve systems, this is a re-stimulation solution that is flexible, reliable and affordable。
Application
- Uncemented Liner Hanger: Many operators use conventional liner hangers even when running uncemented liners or completions, and then run a production packer as part of their completion. This doubling up on tools increases equipment costsas well as the rig time, however with Meta’s Permanent MorphPacker this is no longer required. The Permanent MorphPacker has a performance envelope that exceeds other packers on the market. It has the robustness and hang weight capability of any liner, therefore it can perform the role of both tools, simplifying operations and reducing costs
- Annular Isolation:The Meta Zonal Isolation MorphPacker? can be used to provide annular isolation between the open hole and the liner as an alternative to cement. Also, when run at the same time as cement, the packer can be used as a contingency, so if the cement job is of poor quality, full isolation will still be achieved thanks to the Zonal Isolation MorphPacker
- Cased Hole Production Packer:Operators worldwide, in both oil and gas, may have requirements for high performing V0 production packers. Deployed as any other work string set packer, the Permanent MorphPacker gives operators a single packer with an envelope that outperforms any on the market and can be used in a wide range of casing weights, simplifying inventory.
- Re-fracturing:The Frac MorphPacker can be used in cased hole re-fracturing applications with minimal loss of ID. Operators can isolate the existing perforations and then re-frac the well using standard plug and guns or ball drop sleeves. The Frac MorphPacker is significantly more affordable than competitive mechanical isolation methods and yet still provides large ID, allowing standard intervention equipment to be used.
- solate Perforations:Operators can use the Frac MorphPacker to isolate existing perforations or damaged casing. Two Frac MorphPackers can be run to straddle the section with standard flush joint pipe between, giving operators an isolation method that is both reliable and affordable, and still provides a large ID for future intervention.
Performance
- Morphing ratio: up to 60%;
- Life of well seal : 50+years;
- Instant active seal: 15000psi.
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