石油圈中国石化新闻网讯 据路透社新德里11月17日消息，航运跟踪数据显示，10月份印度从非洲进口的原油数量降至逾四年来的最低水平，因为印度这个
全球第三大石油消费国日益转向更加廉价的美国原油供应和更加重质的中东原油供应。 自2016年年中以来美国原油产量已增长逾14%，当前美国原油产量已经达到965万桶/日，正在改变全球原油贸易路线，因美国相对廉价的轻质原油成
为亚洲炼油商一种可行的进口选择。 咨询公司资源经济学家（Resource Economist）的原油和成品油业务经理Ehsan Ul-Haq表示：“早些时候在亚洲市场，西非原油的竞争对手主要是中
东原油，但当前又增加了一个新的竞争者：美国。” 美国原油产量的飙升已经令以西得克萨斯中质（WTI）原油为基准的美国原油比全球基准的布伦特原油更加廉价，布伦特原油价格一直受到欧佩克减
产的支撑。自10月以来，WTI原油较布伦特的贴水平均在6美元/桶。 印度巴拉特石油公司（BPCL）炼厂负责人Ramachandran表示：“过去几个月，美国原油与非洲原油竞争激烈，WTI与布伦特原油之间的价差大到足以
弥补运费。” 2015年之前根本就没有听说美国原油出口至印度，但到了2015年底美国政府在产量增长的同时放松了严厉的出口限制。 汤森路透的船舶跟踪数据显示，今年美国出口至印度的原油量稳步增长，10月份美国原油占印度原油总进口量的约3%；同时非洲原油的占比降至约
10.5%，触及自2012年11月以来的最低水平。 10月份印度原油进口量总计410万桶/日，环比9月份下降15%，9月份印度的原油进口量创下月度纪录高点。10月份印度原油进口量较去年同期也下降
4.6%。其中，大约43万桶/日来自于非洲，触及自2013年3月以来的最低水平。 尼日利亚的供应中断也削减了其出口量，迫使印度炼油商们在别处寻购供应。 数据显示，今年10月份，中东原油在印度原油总进口量中所占比例增长至约一年的最高点，占所有供应量的大约70%，达到约280万桶/日。 张春晓 摘译自 路透社 原文如下： Middle East, US crude oil curbs Indian appetite for African supplies India’s imports of African crude oil in October plunged to their lowest in over four years, with the world’s No.3 oil consumer increasingly turning to cheaper supplies from the United States and heavier Middle Eastern grades, ship tracking data showed. US crude production has soared more than 14% since mid-2016 to 9.65 MMbpd, altering trade routes as its relatively cheap and light grades become a viable import option for Asian refiners. “Earlier in Asia, West African oil was competing with Middle East grades, but now it has a new competitor: the US,” said Ehsan Ul-Haq, director of crude oil and refined products at consultancy Resource Economist. Surging US crude output has made West Texas Intermediate (WTI)-linked American oil relatively cheap compared with the international benchmark, Brent, which has been propped up by supply cuts led by the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). WTI has since October been trading at an average discount of $6/bbl to Brent. “In the last few months, US oil gave tough competition to the African grades and the price difference (between WTI and Brent) was good enough to cover the freight,” said R Ramachandran, head of refineries at Bharat Petroleum Corp. US crude oil exports to India were unheard of until 2015, when Washington eased tight export restrictions in parallel with its growing output. Rising steadily this year, US oil in October accounted for about 3% of India’s overall imports, while the share of African crude fell to about 10.5%, the lowest since November 2012, the ship tracking data in Thomson Reuters Eikon showed. India’s oil imports in October totaled 4.1 MMbpd, a decline of 15% over September, when they hit a monthly record. The imports were also 4.6% lower than a year ago. Of that, around 430,000 bpd came from Africa, the lowest level since March 2013. Supply disruptions in Nigeria also dented its exports, forcing Indian refiners to seek supplies elsewhere. Last month, the share of the Middle East crude in India’s overall imports rose to its highest in about a year, making up almost 70% of all supplies, the data showed, shipping over around 2.8 MMbpd.
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