近期,国内外油气从业者又在石油工程技术上取得了一系列新进展,方向涉及钻完井装备、增产技术以及防腐等,本文即对这些新技术进行了概括性的介绍。
来自 | E&P
编译 | 张玉亭
上期石油圈为读者们呈现了部分石油技术阶段性进展,本期将趁热打铁,继续追踪六种国外先进技术。
小孔径公制尺寸密封圈生产线扩充
Timken公司是一家轴承和机械电力传输产品生产商,该公司最近发布了其小孔径公制尺寸密封圈扩充生产线。Timken公司的密封圈全产品线包括了从小孔径到大孔径的公制尺寸和英制尺寸的密封圈产品。小孔径公制尺寸密封圈包括从5mm到300mm的各类单唇和双唇密封圈产品,能够提供腈橡胶和氟橡胶材质的所有尺寸小孔径公制尺寸密封圈。
CorroLogic VpCIs系列地面储罐防腐产品
用于产品存储的储罐在使用过程中都会受到侧土腐蚀的影响,特别是那些安装在极端环境条件下的储罐。目前工业上越来越意识到蒸汽相胺羧酸盐防腐剂(VpCIs)在罐底的防腐优势。CorroLogic VpCIs系列产品能够对传统上阴极保护无法覆盖的区域进行防腐保护,与阴极保护措施共同使用,成为了一种理想的防腐工艺方法,在无法使用阴极保护或者阴极保护法效果存在局限的情况下,单独使用CorroLogic VpCIs系列产品成为最佳的防腐方案。
CorroLogic采用Cortec公司的VpCIs药粉,能够在地面储罐(AST)罐底进行充分的汽化分散。VpCIs药剂接触到金属表面,就会吸附在其表面,并形成一种保护性分子保护膜,起到很好的防腐效果,为阴极保护无法触及的罐底区域提供额外的防腐保护。Corro- Logic产品可以多种形式添加到罐底,可添加到建造中的储罐的罐底,也可添加到在役或者退役储罐的罐底。Corro- Logic产品可置于地面储罐的高密度聚乙烯衬底处,等待一段时间即可在罐底表面释放出VpCIs防腐药剂。对于在役的储罐,如需采取防腐保护措施,则可通过现有的监测或者捡漏管线或者之后安装在混凝土环梁上的注射管线将Corro- Logic产品注射至储罐罐底。对于退役储罐,可以对CorroLogic药粉进行雾化处理,通过储罐底板到达罐底,然后进行分散,对罐底进行防腐保护。
联合工业项目(JIP)助力提高水力压裂作业的增产和盈利效果
ITF与Marathon Oil、Nexen 和 Repsol一起发布了一项致力于优化水力压裂作业方案规划、设计和作业实施过程的联合工业项目,以期在全球范围内实现非常规资源开发效率和盈利能力的最大化。FRACGAS II联合工业项目延续了地质力学软件开发商Rockfield倡导发起的Elfen tgr软件模块开发,主要目的是要加强致密气藏有限元模拟技术和微地震技术的研究。Rockfield公司首席执行官John Cain指出:“对FRACGAS I项目的赞助支持使得Rockfield公司具备了开发一整套致密气藏地质力学模拟软件产品(Elfen tgr)的能力,该软件产品能够帮助致密油气开发作业者和服务商进行致密页岩气藏水力裂缝延伸的二维和三维裂缝扩展模拟。Elfen tgr软件能够进行增产作业、正常生产、重复压裂及压后生产作业的全套模拟,包括对裂缝闭合、支撑剂运移以及井间干扰等的模拟。”
电液坐封工具促进作业安全
据媒体报道,Probe Holdings公司的iSet电液坐封工具即将在中东地区进行首次现场应用。iSet电液坐封工具的设计理念是促进需要使用坐封工具的修井和弃井作业更加安全高效。iSet电液坐封工具采用了可编程的触屏技术,能够实现桥塞、封隔器、温度压力计等计量仪器悬挂器以及跨接管安全、可靠以及低成本的坐封作业。Probe 的中东和亚洲地区经理Neil Duncan 表示:“与传统的坐封工具不同,iSet不需要使用爆炸坐封用的炸药,因此使用起来更加安全,而且运输过程中也不会受到爆炸物运输需要遵守的各种特殊规定约束,所以,相比而言,后勤保障更加简单便捷。另外,iSet工具一次下入可进行最多高达50次的坐封作业,中间无需进行划眼等操作。收回地面之后,可在不到1分钟的时间内安全地完成重置设定,并在30分钟内完成下次作业准备。因此,iSet的作业效率会非常高。”
生产后期作业和弃置作业服务降低作业困难和风险
Lloyd公司的Register技术能够为英国大陆架、墨西哥湾以及亚洲地区的作业者、股东以及公司管理层提供关键领域的生产后期作业和弃置作业的综合服务,帮助在油气田生产后期以最小的风险和成本完成最后的生产运行以及弃置作业。公司的专家团队涵盖了从水下作业到地面作业、从陆上到海上的技术和工程方案、工程和数据管理、保险,以及商业服务各个领域。
新技术实现个人检测器实时气体检测读数共享
Industrial Scientific公司最近发布了LENS Wireless技术,该技术基于军方的ad-hoc网格网络技术概念研发的、无需IT设置和基础设施或者中央控制器等设施,即可实现个人气体检测器的无线联网互联互通。Industrial Scientific公司的Ventis Pro Series多气体检测器以及Radius BZ1区域气体检测器可通过LENS Wireless技术实现联网互通。Industrial Scientific在行业内首次实现了个人便携式气体检测器与区域检测器之间的气体检测数据和警报信息的联通和共享。LENS Wireless网络能够非常快速简单地建立起来,能够实现大范围区域的快速部署和应用。LENS Wireless技术可帮助任何工业行业的操作人员在危险来临的时候根据实时信息做出更加快速的响应。在危险气体、人为误操作或者恐慌激发报警装置的情况下,LENS Wireless网络中的所有工作人员都能立即掌握危险信息以及处于危险中的人员情况。
Expanded line of small-bore metric seals
The Timken Co., a provider of bearings and mechanical power transmission products, has released an expanded line of small-bore metric seals, a press release stated. The full line of Timken seals features small- and largebore seals in both inch and metric sizes. The small-bore metric seal range includes sizes from 5 mm to 300 mm with single- and double-lip designs. The company offers small-bore metric seals in both nitrile and fl uoroelastomer materials.
Solution to soil-side corrosion on aboveground storage tanks
Storage tanks used for product storage in industrial facilities are subject to soil-side corrosion during operation, especially when installed in severe environments. There is a growing industrial awareness about the advantage of introducing amine carboxylate vapor phase corrosion inhibitors (VpCIs) into the tank pad. The ability of CorroLogic VpCIs to protect areas that cannot be reached by traditional cathodic protection (CP) makes it an ideal treatment to be used in conjunction with CP or by itself when CP is deficient or absent, a press release stated. Using the power of Cortec’s VpCIs, CorroLogic is able to vaporize and disperse through open areas below an aboveground storage tank (AST). When the VpCIs reach a metal surface, they adsorb and form a protective molecular barrier to guard against corrosion, providing an added dimension of protection to under-tank areas that cannot be reached by CP. Corro- Logic can be added to an AST in several different forms, enabling application during construction of new tanks or while existing tanks are in service or out of service. During construction CorroLogic pouches can be placed on an AST’s high-density polyethylene liner and left to emit VpCIs below the tank surface. If an AST is already in service and needs protection, a CorroLogic slurry is injected beneath the tank floor through the existing monitoring or leakage detection pipes or through injection pipes post-installed through the concrete ring beam. When a tank is out of service, CorroLogic Powder is fogged through the tank floor into the under-tank area and allowed to diffuse.
JIP to improve recovery, profitability of hydraulic fracturing
The Industry Technology Facilitator (ITF), alongside Marathon Oil, Nexen and Repsol, has launched a joint industry project (JIP) to improve the planning, design and implementation of hydraulic fracturing to maximize the efficiency and profitability of unconventional resources globally, a press release stated. The FRACGAS II JIP continues the development of the Elfen tgr (tight gas reservoirs) software suite pioneered by geomechanics software solutions developer Rockfield. The research aims to enhance the finite element-based modeling technology and microseismic methodology. Rockfield CEO John Cain added, “The sponsorship of FRACGAS I enabled Rockfield to deliver a complete product in the shape of Elfen tgr that enables oil and gas operators and service companies alike to model both 2-D and 3-D fracture propagation in tight gas shale reservoirs. The software allows the simulation of the full cycle of stimulation, production, refracturing [and] production operations, including features such as fracture closure, proppant transport and multiwell interference.”
Electro-hydraulic setting tool facilitates safer operations
Probe Holdings Inc.’s electro-hydraulic setting tool, the iSet, is about to perform its first operation in the Middle East. iSet is designed to drive new safety and efficiency standards in well intervention and abandonment operations that require the use of setting tools, a press release stated. With its programmable touchscreen technology, the iSet provides a safe, reliable and costeffective method for setting bridge plugs, packers, gauge hangers and straddles. “Unlike traditional setting tools, the iSet doesn’t require explosive setting charges, so it’s not only safer, but it doesn’t demand special permits to use or transport it, so there are no complex logistics to overcome,” said Neil Duncan, Probe’s regional manager-MENA and Asia. “It also can be run up to 50 times without the need for redressing between runs. On return to surface, the tool can be safely reset in less than 1 minute and ready for the next run within 30 minutes, so it’s extremely efficient.”
Service helps navigate complexities of late-life operations, decommissioning
Lloyd’s Register is offering an integrated portfolio of late-life and decommissioning services to support operators, equity holders and regulators in key territories including the U.K. Continental Shelf, Gulf of Mexico and across Asia in how best to manage their operations productivity with minimal risk and cost-effectively in the run up to cessation of production and decommissioning. The expertise covers subsea operations through to topsides, offshore and onshore technical and engineering solutions, project and data management, assurance, and commercial services.
Technology allows personal monitors to share real-time gas readings
Industrial Scientific has released LENS Wireless technology, which is based on military ad-hoc mesh networking concepts. The technology enables gas monitors to communicate with each other wirelessly with no need for IT setup, infrastructure or a central controller, a press release stated. Industrial Scientific Ventis Pro Series multigas monitors and Radius BZ1 area monitors are available with LENS Wireless. Industrial Scientific is the first manufacturer to enable personal, portable gas monitors to communicate directly with area monitors to share gas readings and alarm conditions. LENS Wireless groups are quick and easy to create, allowing rapid deployment and use in a broad range of applications. LENS Wireless helps workers in any industry respond faster and with real-time information when hazardous conditions occur. When a gas hazard, man-down or panic situation causes an instrument to alarm, all peers in the connected group will instantly be notified of the hazard and the person in danger.
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