连续油管作业装置已被誉为“万能作业机”,广泛应用于油气田修井、钻井、完井、测井等作业,贯穿了油气开采的全过程。
事实上连续油管所具有的带压欠平衡作业、作业的快速高效、对地层的低伤害、低成本(来源于工序的简化)等等优点和应用价值,是在连续油管诞生30年后的上世纪90年代才真正被人们所认识。其后,连续油管广范应用于油气田修井、钻井、完井、测井等作业,在油气田勘探与开发中发挥着越来越重要的作用。
继昨天介绍的CT EXPRESS快速部署连续油管设备和CT SEAS自动化海上CT设备,石油圈将继续带来Schlumberger公司的连续油管设备。
CT TComp CT海上运动补偿系统
保护深水CT作业期间井口的完整性。石油圈原创www.oilsns.com
更安全、更高效的升沉补偿和井口应力管理
CT TComp CT海上运动补偿系统有3种通用的工作模式:顶推架模式、张紧架模式和内部补偿张紧模式。其15-ft(4.57 m)长的钛合金应力接头,可允许作业期间设备有适当的活动量,并减小井口的应力。CT TComp系统可自动维持隔水管载荷和应力接头的适应性,使二者处于最佳状态。
顶推架模式石油圈原创www.oilsns.com
顶推架的纵向结构由BOP基础架组成,BOP基架同时也是CT井架系统的基础。顶推架设计座放在12-ft的中央,中心载荷最高达160,000 lbf (711.7 kN),可横跨大槽口间距,或横跨立柱式生产平台(Spars)的垫架,从而将载荷分散到平台甲板。
张紧架模式石油圈原创www.oilsns.com
CT TComp系统可以组装成一部分或两部分,当作一个350吨的张紧架使用,传递来自CT设备周边的隔水管载荷。常规的框架需要在起吊完框架后再组装所有的CT设备,耗时且有人身伤害风险。模块化的CT TComp系统仅需一次起吊就可以完成组装并安放就位。
内部补偿张紧模式石油圈原创www.oilsns.com
由于Spars通常没有补偿模块,司钻需要在整个CT作业期间,监控并调整设备载荷。 然而,CT TComp系统可以自动监测、调整载荷。15-ft(4.57 m)长的钛合金接头可以吸收横向未对齐造成的应力,避免隔水管和井口受到未知应力的作用。
贴心的设计元素增加安全性,节约时间石油圈原创www.oilsns.com
- 采用15,000-psi(103.4MPa)隔水管和BOP Grayloc单螺栓连接器,每个15,000-psi(103.4MPa)高压接头的连接时间从45分钟减少到5分钟;
- 高压接头数量从25个减少到4个;石油圈原创www.oilsns.com
- 插入绞车最多可节约2小时的作业时间,避免重大HSE风险;
- 液压驱动鹅颈管,在安装设备时最多节约90分钟时间;
- 液压接头固定在框架上,减少了模块组装过程中接头的数量;
- 牵线绞车及液压软管和电缆滚筒节约了安装时间,增加了安全性。
应用范围石油圈原创www.oilsns.com
- 具有升沉补偿顶推架的作用;石油圈原创www.oilsns.com
- 在半潜式平台或钻井船上,作用相当于张紧架;
- 无需拆卸CT设备,即可同时进行电缆或钢丝作业;
- 井架设备未进行升沉补偿时,提供补偿功能;
- 钻机复员后,可为Spars提供升沉补偿功能。
技术优势石油圈原创www.oilsns.com
- 预先组装成3个撬装设备;石油圈原创www.oilsns.com
- 提供7ft(2.1m)垂向升沉补偿;
- BOP和隔水管,采用高效的单螺栓卡箍连接;
- Class I,Division II–认证电力系统;
- 在可接受的应力范围内,自动监测和维持井口应力;
- 两套防坠落装置,所有通道均有扶手。
X-11模块化海上CT设备石油圈原创www.oilsns.com
X-11模块化海上CT设备是一套灵活、多用途的系统,适用于多数海上设施,包括平台、驳船、Spars、浮动设备、张力腿平台等。X-11设备使用的连续油管直径从1-in到2-in,更换不同直径的连续油管非常安全、简单、高效。石油圈原创www.oilsns.com
整个设备系统系统采用模块化的设计,包括液压动力装置、控制室、满足标准集装箱运输的货篮,而且控制室可以架在液压动力站顶部。这些设计都减少了CT系统设备总重和占用空间。
随着我国东部油田增产挖潜工作的深入,需要采取在套管内侧钻水平井的方法对一批复杂断块油田开采剩余油,以及对待废井、工程事故井、停产井进行挖潜复产或增产。我国西部油田的开采也以大量的深井、超深井及水平井、丛式井为主。因此,随着我国侧钻井和小井眼钻井需求的不断增加,连续油管作业技术在我国水平井钻井、修井及完井作业中将会发挥巨大的作用。
来自/Schlumberger 译者/白小明 编辑/Leia
CT TComp CT Offshore Motion Compensation System
Protect wellhead integrity during deepwater CT operations.
Safer, more efficient heave compensation and wellhead stress management
The CT TComp CT offshore motion compensation system has three versatile operating modes. Its 15-ft titanium stress joint allows movement during operations and relieves stress on the wellhead. The CT TComp system automatically maintains riser load and stress joint flexibility at optimum levels.
Jacking frame mode
The vertical structure of the jacking frame is made up of the base of the BOP crash frame, which also acts as the base for the CT mast system. The jacking frame base is designed to sit on 12-ft centers with center loading up to 160,000 lbf [711,700 N], allowing it to span large well-bay slots or sit across skid beams on spars, distributing load across the platform deck.
Tension-lift frame mode
Assembled in one or two pieces, the CT TComp system can also act as a 350-ton tension-lift frame that transmits riser load from the blocks around the CT equipment. Conventional frames require all CT equipment to be assembled after the frame is raised, requiring valuable time and risking injury to personnel. The modular CT TComp system can be assembled and swung into place with one lift.
Internally compensated tension-lift mode
Since spars do not usually have compensated blocks, the driller is forced to monitor and adjust for load on the blocks during the entire CT operation. However, the CT TComp system monitors load and adjusts automatically. A 15-ft titanium flex joint absorbs any stress caused by horizontal misalignment, eliminating undue stress on the riser or wellhead.
APPLICATIONS
- Functions as a heave-compensated jacking frame;
- Serves as a tension-lift frame on semisubmersibles and drillships;
- Allows simultaneous wireline or slickline operations without rigging down the CT equipment;
- Performs heave compensation when blocks are not compensated in the derrick;
- Provides compensation on spars after the rig is demobilized.
ADVANTAGES
- Preassembly onto three skids;
- Compensation for 7 ft of vertical heave;
- Efficient single-bolt clamp connections for BOPs and risers;
- Class I, Division II–certified electrical system;
- Automatic wellhead monitoring and maintenance within acceptable stress envelope;
- Two fall arrestors and handrails on all walkways.
Thoughtful design elements add safety and save time
- Connection time reduced to 5 minutes from 45 minutes per connection by using a 15,000-psi riser and BOP Grayloc single screw connector;
- Hydraulic connections are reduced to 4 from 25;
- Stabbing winch saves up to 2 hours and eliminates a major HSE hazard;
- Hydraulically actuated gooseneck saves up to 90 minutes during rig up;
- Hydraulic connections are frame mounted to reduce the number of connections during module assembly;
- Guy wire winches and hydraulic hose and cable reels reduce deployment time and increase safety.
X-11 Modular Offshore CT Unit
Adapt to offshore structures, improve safety, and reduce footprint.
The X-11 modular offshore CT unit was developed as a flexible, fit-for-purpose system that is easily adaptable for many offshore structures including platforms, barges, spars, floaters, and tension-leg platforms. The X-11 unit works with CT sizes ranging from 1 in to 2 in, and changing from one CT size to another is safer, easier, and more efficient.
Modular in design, the hydraulic power pack, the control cabin, and the transport baskets are built in standard shipping containers, and the control cabin can stack on top of the hydraulic power pack. This design reduces the total weight and footprint of the entire CT system.
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